Gated Measurement

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Measurement Description

Gated spectrum analyzer (SA) measurements (requires option 090) use triggering to capture data during the active trigger state only and thus ensure that the response more closely represents the device response. Learn more.

This example shows how to set up a gated SA measurement using an external or internal pulse to trigger the receiver measurement and an internal pulse to trigger the RF source. In order to pulse the PNA RF source with an internal pulse, option 025 is required. This option is not required in the case of an external RF source with pulsed capabilities.

Note: Internal Pulse0 pulse generator is not suitable for gated SA because the pulse width cannot be set. Instead, use Pulse3 as shown in this topic (pulse 1 to pulse 4 would work too, but without the direct Trigger source to Pulse3 internal connection).

Quick Setup

Many of the setup steps can be performed automatically if option 008 is installed. The quick setup will configure a gated SA measurement using internal pulse generators and modulators. The RBW will be set to the maximum setting that is compatible with the pulse width. If minor adjustments are required after performing the quick setup, refer to the Complete Measurement Setup.

  1. On the PNA front panel, press Meas, then [Measurement Class].

  2. Select Spectrum Analyzer, then either:

  3. Press Frequency then [SA Setup] and set the frequency of the PNA source.
  4. Set the source Power to the desired level.
  5. Click on the Pulse Setup button, select Standard Pulse, then ensure that the Pulse Width is much smaller than the Pulse Period then click OK.

Complete Measurement Setup

  1. If using an external pulse generator, connect a cable from the pulse generator output to the Meas Trig In BNC on the rear panel of the PNA.
  2. On the PNA front panel, press Meas, then [Measurement Class].

  3. Select Spectrum Analyzer, then either:

  4. Press Freq then [SA Setup] and set the frequency of the PNA source.
  5. Click on the Advanced tab then click on the Advanced >> button.
  6. Click on the Trigger tab then click on the Trigger button.
  7. Click on the Meas Trigger tab and select Meas Trig In BNC (if using an external pulse generator) or Pulse3 (if using internal pulse3 to Meas Trig In bypass) under Source and High Level under Level/Edge.

Selecting High Level (or Low Level) under Level/Edge triggers LO acquisitions and continues to acquire data while the pulse trigger remains high (or low).

Note: Edge triggering does not perform gated measurements.

  1. Click on the Setup tab and select External (uses Pulse3) (if using internal pulse3 to Meas Trig In bypass) or External (uses Meas Trig In BNC) (if using an external pulse generator),
  2. Select Channel under Trigger Scope, Point for the Trigger Mode, then click OK.

For gated SA measurements, Point does not refer to a data point or display point. Instead, it refers to the next LO acquisition. For SA, each time the LO is shifted an acquisition is captured. The time for each LO acquisition is based on the ADC Record Size times the ADC Sampling Frequency (10 nsec). The number of LO acquisitions is determined by the Image Reject setting. This information is displayed in the SA Setup dialog in the Advanced tab.

  1. Click on the Source tab and set the source Power to the desired level.
  2. Click on the Power and Attenuator button, set the Leveling Mode to Open Loop, then click OK.

Open Loop leveling is used during pulse conditions with the internal source modulator. No leveling is used in setting the source power. Learn more.

  1. In the Trigger tab, click on the Pulse Gen Config button.

  1. If using an internal pulse generator and an internal RF source, perform the following steps:
    1. Set the pulse Frequency.
    2. Enable Pulse1 and set the Width greater than the acquisition time (displayed in the Advanced tab). Pulse1 is the RF source trigger.
    3. Ensure that Enable Source 1 Modulator is checked, and that Pulse1 is enabled and selected as the Modulator Drive.
    4. If using the internal Pulse3 bypass, enable Pulse3 and set the Width greater than the acquisition time per LO (displayed in the Advanced tab).
    5. Click OK.
  2. If using an external pulsed generator as the measurement trigger, perform the following steps:
    1. Ensure that the pulse width is greater than the acquisition time per LO (displayed in the Advanced tab).
    2. Connect the RF source pulse trigger output to the PNA Meas Trig In BNC connector on the rear panel.