The following terms are discussed in this topic:
Note: The information contained in this topic is intended to help an experienced SCPI programmer transition to COM programming. This is NOT a comprehensive tutorial on COM programming.
Other Topics about COM Concepts
The examples in PNA Help use Visual Basic as the programming environment for COM, which uses 'dot' notation.
To set a property, follow the object reference with:
a period (.)
property or method
an equal sign (=)
the new value
For example:
object.property = value 'This Green text following an apostrophe (') is a comment.
To read a property, a variable to contain the returned value is followed with:
an equal sign (=)
an object, or reference to an object
a period (.)
property
For example:
variable = object.property
To execute a method, an object, or reference to an object is followed with:
a period (.)
the method
a blank space
any required parameters
For example:
object.method parameters
Some methods return values, such as methods that return data. To return data from a method, a variable to contain the returned data is followed with:
an equal sign (=)
an object, or reference to an object
a period (.)
the method
any required parameters enclosed in parenthesis
variable = object.method (parameters)
The objects of the Network Analyzer (Application) are arranged in a hierarchical order. The PNA object model lists the objects and their relationship to one another.
In SCPI programming, you must first select a measurement before making settings. With COM, you first get a handle to the object (or collection) and refer to that object in order to change or read settings (properties).
For more information on working with objects, see Getting a Handle to an Object.
A COM Interface is the connection to an object. When you get a handle to an object, you are actually using an interface to an object. This is important if you are developing PNA code that will run on multiple code versions. For more information, see PNA Interfaces.
A collection is an object that contains several other objects of the same type. For example, the Channels collection contains all of the channel objects.
Note: In the following examples, the collections are referred to as a variable. Before using a collection object, you must first get an instance of that object. For more information, see Getting a Handle to an Object
Generally, items in a collection can be identified by number or by name. The order for objects in a collection cannot be assumed. They are always unordered and begin with 1. For example, in the following procedure, chans(1) is used to set averaging on the first channel in the Channels collection (not necessarily channel 1).
Sub SetAveraging()
chans(1).AveragingFactor = 10
End Sub
The following procedure uses the measurement string name to set the display format for a measurement in the measurements collection.
meass("CH1_S11_1").Format = 1
You can also manipulate an entire collection of objects if the objects share common methods. For example, the following procedure sets the dwell time on all of the segments in the collection.
Sub setDwell()
For Each seg In segs
segs.DwellTime = 0.03
Next
End Sub
A method is an action that is performed on an object. For example, CreateSParameter is a method on the Application object. The following procedure uses that method to create a new S21 measurement in channel 1 in a new window.
Sub CreatMeas
app.CreateSParameter 1,2,1,1
End Sub
A property is an attribute of an object that defines one of the object's characteristics, such as size, color, or screen location. A property can also change an aspect of the object's behavior, such as whether the object is visible. In either case, to change the characteristics of an object, you change the values of its properties.
For example, the following statement sets the IF Bandwidth of a channel to 1 KHz.
Chan.IFBandwidth = 1e3
You can also read the current value of a property. The following statement reads the current IF Bandwidth of a channel into the variable Ifbw.
Ifbw = Chan.IFBandwidth
Some properties cannot be set and some cannot be read. The Help topic for each property indicates if you can:
Set and read the property (Write/Read)
Only read the property (Read-only)
Only set the property (Write-only)
A COM event is an action recognized by an object, such as clicking the mouse or pressing a key. Using events, your program can respond to a user action, program code, or triggered by the analyzer.
The SCPI equivalent of an event is a Service Request (SRQ).
For example:
OnChannelEvent
For more information, see Working with the Analyzer's Events.