ECal User Characterization


See Also

Using ECal

Perform a 4-Port Cal with a 2-Port ECal Module

Other Calibration Topics

Overview

A user-characterized ECal module allows you to add adapters to the ECal module, re-measure the standards in the ECal module, INCLUDING the adapters, then add that data to ECal memory or save it to disk memory. This extends the reference plane from the module test ports to the adapters.

Compared to legacy ECal modules, the new N755xA ECal modules have greater flash memory.

Important Note: DO NOT connect/disconnect USB devices during ECal calibrations. Doing so may cause problems with the calibration.

Important Note: This feature is only available on Ports 1 and 2 of the VNA.

Note: N756xA Multi-port ECal module does not support this function.

Why perform a User Characterization?

Notes:

User Characterizations can be saved to Disk Memory. Learn how.

This feature provides the following benefits:

  • A User Characterization using connectors that are NOT included in the supported connector table can NOT be stored to the ECal module. But when stored to disk memory, ANY connector type is allowed by firmware using a description of any length for the User Characterization.

  • There is NO limit to the number of data points allowed in a User Characterization stored to disk memory. When stored in the ECal module, the number of data points is limited to a maximum of 65535 per characterization, or less as dictated by the remaining free memory in the module.

  • The number of User Characterizations that can be stored to disk memory is limited only by available disk space.

  • User Characterizations stored to disk memory can be freely shared between analyzers.

Learn how to Manage User Characterization in Disk Memory.

How to Perform a User Characterization

SUMMARY  (A detailed procedure follows.)

1.  Select adapters for the module to match the connector configuration of the DUT.

2.  Either calibrate the analyzer using mechanical standards or recall an existing Cal Set.

3.  Measure the ECal module, including adapters, as though it were a DUT.

4.  The measurement results are the characterization data that then gets stored inside the module or to disk.

Note

A 2-port analyzer can be used to perform a User Characterization on a 4-port ECal module. However, a 4-port ECal module has SIX different port pairs. The analyzer must be recalibrated for each port pair that uses unique connecter types or gender.

  • If all 4 ECal module ports have the same connector type and gender, then only one calibration is required to measure all six port pairs.

  • If all 4 ECal module ports have different connector types or gender, then 6 calibrations are required.

When more than one calibration is required during a User Characterization, then ALL calibrations must be performed using the standard Cal Wizard, saved to Cal Sets, and then recalled from Cal Sets DURING the User Characterization.

Detailed steps to Perform a User Characterization

  1. Connect the ECal module to the network analyzer with the USB cable. See Connect ECal Module USB to the analyzer USB.

  2. Allow the module to warm up until it indicates READY.

  3. Preset the analyzer.

  4. Set up the measurement.  For best accuracy, the IF bandwidth should be set to 1 kHz or less.

  5. Start and complete the Characterize ECal Module Wizard:

Using Hardkey/SoftTab/Softkey

  1. Press Cal > Cal Sets & Cal Kits > ECal > Characterize ECal....

Select Module and Location dialog box help

ECal Module  Select one of the ECal modules that are connected to the analyzer.

Detect Connected ECals  Click to rescan the USB for ECal modules.

Location

Keyboard  Launches a keypad that can be used to type a characterization name from the analyzer front panel.

Next  Click to continue to the Select Connectors for the Characterization dialog box.

See note regarding extended frequency use.

Select User Number for new characterization dialog box help

Scroll to view all of the parameters of the stored characterizations. Select an empty location or select to overwrite an existing characterization.

Next  Click to continue to the Select Connectors for the Characterization dialog box.

See note regarding extended frequency use.

Select Connectors for the Characterization dialog box help

Connector Notes

When performing an ECal User Characterization, do NOT use a custom connector name that you added to this list. If you need to use a custom-defined connector type, select "Type B", or one of the "Type A" variations from the list of connectors for each port.

A User Characterization using connectors that are NOT included in the supported connector table can NOT be stored to the ECal module. But when stored to disk memory, ANY connector type is allowed.  Learn more about storing to Disk Memory.

Select the adapters for the ECal module test ports. Select No adapter if no adapter is used on a port.

PORT A  Lists the connector types available for Port A.

PORT B  Lists the connector types available for Port B.

PORT C  Lists the connector types available for Port C (available with a 4-port ECal module).

PORT D  Lists the connector types available for Port D (available with a 4-port ECal module).

Next  Click to continue to the Calibrations to perform or recall dialog box.

Calibrations to perform or recall dialog box help

The analyzer must be calibrated before measuring the ECal module and necessary adapters. This dialog box displays the number and types of mechanical calibrations required for the characterization.

Guide me through this cal now  Click to perform a Guided calibration.  A calibration kit is required for each connector type.

Note:  Some PNA-L models cannot perform TRL calibration during the calibration portion of a User Characterization. However, this type of Cal can be performed using the Cal Wizard, saved to a Cal Set, then recalled at this point in the User Characterization.

If more than one calibration is required, the following selection is not available. See Note.

Let me recall this cal from a cal set  Click to select an existing Cal Set. You cannot select a Cal Set that is currently in use. Learn more about Using Cal Sets.

Next  Click to continue to either the Select Cal Kits or the Select Cal Set dialog box.

Select Cal Kits dialog box help

Provides a list of calibration kits to perform the calibration. Select the Cal Kit you will use for each port.

Enable Unknown Thru for characterizing the module  Check to enable. This reduces the number of steps required to characterize the THRU standard.  This setting is available only on VNA models with one reference receiver per test port.  

Next  Click to continue to the Select Cal Set dialog box.

Select Cal Set dialog box help

The calibration that you perform will be written to a Cal Set. This dialog box allows you to select a Cal Set to overwrite, or to write to a new Cal Set. The current choice is visible below the Select Cal Set button.

Select Cal Set  Click to open the Select A Cal Set dialog box.

Create new Cal Set  Check to create a new Cal Set to store the calibration. Clear to select and overwrite a stored Cal Set.

Next  Click to continue to the Guided Calibration Steps dialog box.

Note: Remember the Cal Set name for future reference.

Guided Calibration Steps dialog box help

Instructs you to connect each calibration standard to the measurement port.

Measure  Click to measure the standard.

Back  Click to repeat one or more calibration steps.

Done  Click after a standard is re-measured and all measurements for the calibration are complete.

Next  Click to continue to the next calibration step. (Does not measure the standard.)

Cancel  Exits Calibration Wizard.

The Specify nominal delay or Guided Calibration completed dialog box appears when the steps are completed.

Specify nominal delay dialog box help

This dialog ONLY appears when Adapter Removal or Unknown Thru calibrations are performed.

The following values were estimated from the measurement. Most of the time, they are adequate. However, for CW sweep or frequency sweep with large step sizes, the accuracy of the values may be improved.

Nominal adapter delay  To improve this value, measure and record the delay of the adapter with a dense step size. Enter that value here.

Nominal phase offset  (Waveguide ONLY). To improve this value, measure and record the phase offset of the Waveguide adapter with dense step size. Enter that value here.

When one connector is coax and the other connector is waveguide, the phase offset has an ambiguity of 180 degrees. For consistency, the estimate provided here is always between 0 and 180 degrees. You can change this estimate to any value between -180 degrees and +180 degrees.

Guided Calibration completed dialog box help

Allows you to finish the calibration and continue to the next characterization steps.

No. Finish now  Select to save Cal Set data.

Yes  Allows selection of Save options.

Next  Click to continue to the Exit to Inspect Quality of Calibration dialog box.

Exit to Inspect Quality of Calibration dialog box help

Allows you to exit User Characterization to validate the calibration before proceeding with the characterization.

Back  Allows you to repeat calibration.

Next  Click to continue to the Characterization Steps dialog box.

Cancel  Exits the Calibration.  

To return to the current step:

  1. Start User Characterization.

  2. In the Select user number for new characterization dialog box, click Next.

  3. In the Select Connectors for Characterization dialog box, click Next. (Previous entry is stored in memory.)

  4. In the Calibrations to perform or recall dialog box, recall the Cal Set that you just performed.

Characterization Steps dialog box help

Describes the instructions for each measurement required for characterization.

Measure  Measures the ECal module.

Next  Click to continue to the Information for the New Characterization dialog box when measurements are complete.

Information for the New Characterization dialog box help

Allows you to describe the properties of the User Characterization.

Suggestions for connector abbreviations

To minimize the number of characters, we suggest using the following 3-character codes to describe the connectors listed.

A User Characterization using connectors that are NOT included on this list can NOT be stored to the ECal module. But when stored to disk memory, ANY connector type is allowed.  Learn more about storing to Disk Memory.

Connector Type

3-Character Code

1.0 mm female

10F

1.0 mm male

10M

1.85 mm female

18F

1.85 mm male

18M

2.4 mm female

24F

2.4 mm male

24M

2.92 mm female

29F

2.92 mm male

29M

3.5 mm female

35F

3.5 mm male

35M

7-16 female

16F

7-16 male

16M

Type F female

F7F

Type F male

F7M

N50 female

N5F

N50 male

N5M

N75 female

N7F

N75 male

N7M

APC 7

7MM

K-band waveguide

KBW

P-band waveguide

PBW

Q-band waveguide

QBW

R-band waveguide

RBW

U-band waveguide

UBW

V-band waveguide

VBW

W-band waveguide

WBW

X-band waveguide

XBW

Next  Click to continue to the Write Characterized Data to the ECal module dialog box.

Write Characterized Data dialog box help

User Characterization and factory characterization data is written to either the disk memory or the ECal module memory.

Write  Click to write data.

The Summary of new User Characterization dialog box opens after data is saved to module.

  • Existing data will be overwritten is you selected a User Characterization number that already has data. Learn more

  • For more information, see Restore ECal module memory.

  • The ECal Data Wipe Utility is the only way that data can be deleted from the module.

Summary of new User Characterization dialog box help

Verify the status of the ECal User Characterization.

  • ECal module model number

  • summary from User Characterization

Cancel  Click to exit (characterization complete).

Finish  Click to exit (characterization complete).

Manage ECal User Characterizations in Disk Memory

Normally, User Characterizations that are stored in disk memory can be used indefinitely without needing them to be managed. However, this dialog allows you to backup the characterizations in case they are accidentally erased, or to save them to a file that can be moved to another analyzer.

How to Manage ECal User Characterizations in Disk Memory

Using Hardkey/SoftTab/Softkey

  1. Press Cal > Cal Sets & Cal Kits > ECal > Manage ECal Disk Memory....

Manage ECal User Characterizations in Disk Memory  dialog box help

This dialog allows you to do either of the following:

  • Save an existing User Characterization in disk memory to an *.euc file.

  • Load a previously saved *.euc file for use on the analyzer with the specified ECal module.

Learn more about User Characterizations stored to Disk Memory.

ECal Module  Select an ECal Module from the list for which User Characterizations are currently stored in disk memory.

Save As  Saves a User Characterization that is currently in disk memory to a *.euc file. This file can be used as a backup in case the archive file is accidentally deleted, or allows you to move the file to another analyzer to be used with the selected ECal Module.

Import  Loads a previously saved *.euc file for use on the analyzer with the specified ECal module.

Delete  Removes a User Characterization from disk memory.

Note: If a temperature is shown in the Temperature column, then the temperature during characterization was measured and recorded. For VNA ports on which a CalPodAsECal user characterization is used during a calibration, the cal error terms for those ports in the CalSet will have been computed with compensation for temperature at the time of calibration if the following two conditions are true: 1) The user characterization must show a temperature value in the Temperature column in this dialog box, and 2) the CalPod must be a Thermal or TVAC CalPod whose factory temperature data has been installed on the VNA by the installer package that was provided with the CalPod.

Restore ECal Module Memory

When user-characterized data is written to the ECal module, the entire contents of ECal memory is also written to the disk memory, including the factory ECal data. In the unlikely event that your ECal module memory is lost, you can restore all ECal data to ECal memory.

Caution: If a new factory cal was performed after the ECal memory was written to disk memory, the new factory cal data will also be overwritten.

Note: An ECal Data Wipe Utility destroys all user data per US DoD 5220.22-M.

How to Restore ECal Module Memory

Using Hardkey/SoftTab/Softkey

  1. Press Cal > Cal Sets & Cal Kits > ECal > Restore ECal Memory....

No Programming commands are available for this feature.

Module to be restored  dialog box help

Verify the serial number of the module to be restored. If two modules are connected, choose the one to have data restored.

Next   Click to write data to the module.