Using Calibration Sets


See Also

Save and Recall: Instrument States and Cal Set Data

See other Calibration Topics

What are Cal Sets

At the completion of a calibration, all calibration data is stored to a Cal Set. The Cal Set can be applied later to any channel that has the same stimulus settings as the Cal Set, thereby saving the time it takes to perform another calibration. The following data is saved to a Cal Set:

Cal Registers and User Cal Sets

There are two types of Cal Sets:

Calibration data is automatically saved to a Cal Register at the end of every calibration. You can also choose to save the cal data to a User Cal Set.

Preset clears all VNA settings but the data inside a Cal Set is not volatile until, for example, another calibration is performed. Also, preset will disassociate all Cal Sets from any channel. But the process of calibration will reestablish that association.

Calibration Registers

Calibration Registers are designed to simplify calibrations for most users. When a calibration is complete, the data is automatically saved to the channel's Cal Register, overwriting (or appended to) the previous cal data stored in that register. This concept is similar to 'legacy' Vector Network Analyzers.

User Cal Sets

At the end of a calibration, you can choose to also save cal data to an existing or new User Cal Set.

Appending Data in a Cal Set

At the end of a calibration, data is saved to the channel's Cal Register and, if you choose, to a User Cal Set. When you choose to save to an existing User Cal Set, the analyzer attempts to append the new error terms to the existing User Cal Set. The existing Cal Set data is completely overwritten UNLESS the new data can coexist with the existing data according to the following two rules:

Note: The reason for this behavior is that the S-parameter channel, unlike most of the applications, supports multiport. Therefore, it is possible that a user may need to accumulate separate calibrations for different subsets of ports

For example:

Case 1 - An existing Cal Set contains a full 2-port cal between ports 1 and 2. Using the same stimulus settings, you perform a 1-port cal on port 3. At the end of the cal, you click Save As User Cal Set and select the existing full 2-port User Cal Set.

Result: The 1-port cal is appended to the 2-port User Cal Set. There is NO overlap between them.

Case 2 - Same situation as Case 1, except the 1-port cal is performed on port 1.

Result:  The Cal Set will contain a 1 port cal on port1 and a 1 port cal on port 2. The overlapping tracking terms are removed rendering the original full 2 port cal invalid.

How to Manage and Apply Cal Sets and Cal Types

The analyzer attempts to apply a Cal Set and turn error correction ON for ALL of the measurements on the active channel. This may not always be possible. For example, suppose a channel contains both S11 (reflection) and S21 (transmission) measurements. If a Cal Set that contains only an S11 Cal Type is applied to that channel, the Cal Set does not contain the error terms to correct the S21 measurement. Error correction is turned ON for the S11 measurement and NOT turned on for the S21 measurement.

There are two ways to apply an existing Cal Set (Cal Register or User Cal Set) to a measurement:

  1. Recalling an Instrument State with Cal data (.cst file) - A .cst file contains an Instrument State with all measurement attributes AND a 'pointer' to the Cal Set that was used to calibrate the measurement. Before saving a .cst file, be sure that a User Cal Set (NOT a Cal Register) is being used for the measurement. Because Cal Registers are automatically overwritten when a new calibration is performed, it is likely that the Cal Register data will change before the .cst file is recalled.

  1. Create a new measurement and select a Cal Set to apply to the active channel.

Note: NEVER copy or modify Cal Sets from Windows Explorer or other applications. Cal Sets should only be accessed through the VNA Application.

How to select and apply a Cal Set to the active channel

Using Hardkey/SoftTab/Softkey

  1. Press Cal > Cal Sets & Cal Kits > Cal Set....

 

Cal Set Selection dialog box help

This dialog allows you to manage and apply Cal Sets

Since the number of Cal Sets you can have is limited by the amount of analyzer memory, old Cal Sets (with 'stale' data) should be deleted or overwritten.

To apply a Cal Set to the active channel, click a row to select that Cal Set, then click OK. The Cal Set used by the currently active channel is indicated with dotted outline. Currently selected Cal Set is indicated with blue highlight.

Note: A Cal Set must have been generated from the same measurement class as the active channel in order for it to Applied.

Columns  click a heading to sort by that column

Cal Set Name  Name to identify the Cal Set.

Class  Indicates the type of channel that created the calset.

Active Channels  Channel numbers that are currently using this Cal Set. A blank entry means it is not currently in use.

CalType / Ports  Type of Cal contained in the Cal Set. Learn about applying appropriate Cal Types.

Cal Type Abbreviations:

1P, 2P, 3P, 4P... - Port list indicating which ports were calibrated.

+ - Indicates source and receiver Power Correction is included for the ports that are listed. So 2P+(2,3) means that the test and reference receivers on ports 2 and 3 are power calibrated.

R - Response (parameter).

ER/x-y  Enhanced Response, where x is the receive port; y is the source port. ER/2-3, therefore, corrects S23.

ER+/x-y  Enhanced response plus power. Also contains tracking terms for bx and ay.

SMC  Scalar Mixer Cal

Date  Date and time the Cal Set was last modified.

Buttons

Select  Applies the selected Cal Set to the active channel. If the stimulus settings of the Cal Set and channel are different, a choice must be made. This button is greyed-out if the highlighted Cal Set is not compatible with the active channel.

Unselect  Available ONLY if the selected Cal Set is being used by the active channel. Click 'Unselect', then click OK to exit with the Cal Set un-applied.

Close  Exit the dialog box. Performs no further action.

Drop-Down Selector

Channel  To choose the active channel.

Edit  This includes Properties, Copy, Delete and Delete All.

Properties  Starts the Cal Set Properties dialog box. This allows you to view all of the Cal Set properties.

Copy  Invokes the Copy Cal Set dialog box. Type a name for the copy of the selected Cal Set data.

Delete  Permanently deletes the Cal Set after you choose OK to a warning prompt.

Delete All  Permanently deletes ALL listed Cal Sets and Cal Registers after you choose OK to a warning prompt.

 

 

Cal Set Properties dialog box help

Allows you to view all of the Cal Set properties.

Drop-Down Selector

Edit  This includes Cal Set Name and Description.

Cal Set Name  Edit name of the User Cal Set. You CANNOT change the name of a Cal Register.

Description  Descriptive text to further identify the Cal Set.

Buttons

OK  Applies the changes on Cal Set name or description if any and then closes the dialog box.

Cancel  Discard changes made to the Cal Set name or description.

Learn how to View the Error Terms of a Cal Set.

Note: Only temperature compensated calibrations show the temperature in the Calset Properties dialog.

 

 

Correction Properties dialog box help

Tabs

Summary

Allow you to view summary of correction properties including Correction, Receiver Power, Source Power and Correction Level.

Channel Selector  Select the channel that you want to view the summary of correction properties.

 

Cal Set  

Allow you to view the Cal Set properties. Shows the same data as shown in the Cal Set Properties dialog accessed from the Cal Set Selection dialog.

Channel Selector  Select the channel that you want to view the Cal Set properties.

 

Stimulus Setting Different between Cal Set and Measurement

Select Cal Set -- Choose Stimulus Settings dialog box help

The Cal Set contains the channel stimulus settings that were in place when the Cal Set was saved. This dialog appears when the Cal Set channel settings are different than those of the channel to which the Cal Set is being applied. Choose between the following options.. (See above image).

  • A. Keep the Active Channel Stimulus settings. Interpolate if possible.

    • If the Cal Set frequency range is greater the active channel, then Interpolation will be turned ON. Learn more about Interpolation Accuracy

    • If the Cal Set frequency range is less than the active channel, then this option is not available.

  • B. Keep the Cal Set Stimulus settings. The Active Channel stimulus setting are changed.

OK  Make the change.

Cancel  Cal Set will NOT be applied.

 

Examples of Cal Set Usage

The following examples show how Cal Sets increase flexibility and speed in making analyzer measurements.

Using one User Cal Set with many Channels

It is possible to do one calibration, then apply it to several channels.

An example:

During a manufacturing process, you may have many calibrated channels. You may wish to continuously cycle through the measurements and examine them individually. Occasionally, you may wish to refresh the calibration without having to recreate all the measurement state files.

Here is how: Examine the stimulus settings for each channel. Then make the User Cal Set stimulus range a super-set of the whole group. Each channel can then use the same User Cal Set. Some calibrations will be interpolated. Note: Make sure that interpolation is turned on.

Notice in the following image, Cal Set 78 is used on more than one channel, in this case Channel 5 and 16 .

    Channel                                        Cal Set

 

Using one Measurement with many Cal Sets

The drawback with having one very large User Cal Set associated with many instrument states could be a loss of accuracy due to interpolation. In such cases, consider using one User Cal Set for each stimulus setting.. The stimulus conditions can then be changed for a channel by applying different User Cal Sets.  Other settings (window setups, measurement definitions, scaling, limits, markers) will not change.  This may result in faster state changes than if you saved and recalled *.cst files for each set of stimulus conditions.

Example #1: An amplifier needs to be measured at several input power levels. Calibrate at several power levels and save each calibration in a separate User Cal Set.  Then, apply the User Cal Sets to the single measurement consecutively.

Example #2:  Making an S21 Measurement, you need to measure both wide span and narrow span characteristics of the device. One Cal Set covers the wide span setup; another the narrow span setup.

Archiving Cal Sets using .cal or .csa files

Because User Cal Sets can easily be deleted, provide extra backup by also saving your calibration as a .cal or .csa file (see saving a .cal file).

Example:

One person performs a calibration, names and saves it as a User Cal Set. This Cal Set is available for any other person to use. A second user could accidentally delete or modify the User Cal Set requiring the originator to repeat the calibration.

Security can be provided for calibration data by saving the Cal Set to a .cal file or .csa file. At a later time, the file could be recalled and the original calibration restored.