Calibrate All Channels

How to perform a Cal All Channels Calibration

Using front-panel
hardkey [softkey] buttons

Using Menus

1. Press cal

2. then [Start Cal]

3. then [Cal All Wizard...]

1. Click Response

2. then Cal

3. then Start Cal

4. then Cal All Channels...

Selected Channels dialog box help

1. Check the channels to be calibrated.

2. Check the ports to be calibrated. Click on the Apply to all channels button to apply the port selections to all channels.

3. Click Next>

Note: To perform an LO power cal for a mixer channel, set the LO port to a PNA or external source in the Mixer Setup dialog. Then select that port in this dialog.

Measurement Class Cal Properties dialog box help

Confirm or change the following unique cal properties for each channel to be calibrated. Click a link to learn about these properties.

The properties with (NOT available in Cal All) are NOT available in a Cal All calibration as they are in a stand-alone calibration.

Differential IQ

• This calibration is a standard channel Cal with a Guided Power Calibration always performed.

Spectrum Analyzer

• This calibration is a standard channel Cal with a Guided Power Calibration always performed.

Gain Compression and GCX

• No unique properties.

Noise Figure and NFX

Swept IMD and IMDX

IMSpectrum

• No unique properties.

SMC (VMC is NOT offered)

Standard Channel

The power cal is optional only if none of the selected channels require a power cal.

Setting Up an Independent Power Calibration

Independent Power Calibration

Several applications control internal and external sources in a mode that is often decoupled from the span over which the receivers are swept. This includes, for instance, Differential IQ, and Spectrum Analyzer. Cal All can add a power calibration for any port (including external sources) over an arbitrary frequency span defined by the user.

For all ports selected for an independent power calibration (except for Port 1 Src 2, see below), a power sensor calibration measurement is performed. The resulting source match correction terms are added to the calsets for ALL channels selected for the Cal All calibration. The power calibrations used in Cal All have all the same features as typical power calibrations. These include the ability to specify power offsets, the power at which the calibration is completed, and the ability to use multiple power sensors (note that using multiple power sensors is a feature only available on regular PNA ports – that is, not external sources or auxiliary ports).

Port 1 Src2 Calibration

The Port 1 Src2 calibration is a special case: In this case, a calibration is requested for situations where the Port 1 Bypass Switch is in “Combiner Path” mode and either the “Port 3 Bypass Switch” (4-port PNA-X) or the “Source 2 out 1 Bypass Switch” (2-port 2-source PNA-X) is also in “Combiner Path”. Therefore, if a user requests a calibration of this port:

1. Port 1 will also be calibrated at the same frequencies in the combiner path (*note:  The user can still elect to add more Port 1 independent cal ranges, but this will be done in “Bypass” mode, not “Combiner mode.”

2. The calibrations for both Port 1 and Port 1 Src2 will be done with both sources on, but offset by 10MHz (to more accurately characterize the behavior during use).

3. These calibrations will ONLY be applied to user channels in which both the Port 1 Bypass Switch and either the Port 3 or Source 2 Out 1 Bypass Switches are set to “Combiner Path.”

Important Notes:

• If a user selects an independent power calibration on a port also used for the typical S-parameter calibration, then the frequencies calibrated will be in addition to those frequencies used via the typical calibration (a separate measurement will be completed at the time).
• Previously a user could select a similar calibration of “LO” ports for application channels (for instance, in a GCX measurement with Port 3 used for LO1, a user can select (via GUI or remote) to do an “LO1” calibration.  This will do a power sensor calibration of LO1 (port 3) at the frequencies specified by the channel.  This is still available, but if the user selects to do an Independent Power Calibration instead, this will override the selection by the channel.

Independent Power Calibration for Cal All Setup

1. Start the Cal All Wizard.
2. In the Measurement Class Cal Properties dialog, enable Independent Power Calibration by selecting the port(s) to cal then clicking OK.

3. If Port 1 Scr2 is a selected port, the Port 1 Src2 Cal Power level is displayed allowing a calibration power level to be entered.

4. To enter the Port 1 Src2 Cal Power level, click in the field then enter a valid calibration power level.

5. In the Power Cal Settings for  Port<n> dialog, select the port from the Power cal at dropdown.
6. To add a new Cal range, click the New button.
7. Specify a frequency range for each Range Name by clicking in the corresponding Settings field then clicking on the Edit button that appears.

8. Enter the Start and Stop frequency and the number of Points then click OK.
9. Continue the Cal All process by clicking on the Next button.

Calibration Attenuator Settings dialog box help

This dialog shows the Power, Attenuator, and IFBW settings for the Cal All calibration. The default values for the Cal All session are the preset values of a standard S-parameter channel. These values are not necessarily the same as those of the channels that are selected for calibration. When there are differences in measurement path (switch) settings between the Cal All channel and the selected channels, these differences are detected by Cal All and additional measurements are made for each path condition. These additional measurements allow Cal All to produce error terms appropriate for each of the selected channels. In general, the Cal All session should be performed at a power level that is high enough to prevent noise in the error terms. However, an increase in power could cause compression or damage to the analyzer receivers. The following settings allow you to increase the power level ONLY during the Cal All session.

Power Limit (Disable)

Cal All shows you when power limits are enabled.  This setting provides you a convenient way to TEMPORARILY disable these limits in order to take advantage of the power settings available in Cal All.  If power limits are on, your DUT is probably a high-gain device and the attenuator settings in your channels are high resulting in lower power at the cal reference plane.  This lower signal can result in noisier measurements during the acquisition of cal. This situation is precisely what Cal All is intended to improve.  Cal All allows you to configure the calibration conditions for better signal-to-noise performance during the cal while leaving your DUT conditions alone. You can elect to clear the “Disable Power Limits during cal” checkbox when you prefer to calibrate at a higher power level than is allowed by your limit. The limit is restored after the Cal All session.

Source / Receiver Attenuator

By default, the Cal All calibration is performed with Source and Receiver attenuators set to 0. Change the Source or Receiver attenuator settings when external hardware (such as a booster amplifier) would cause the analyzer receivers to be compressed or damaged.

You may also want to change the attenuator or path configuration settings to force the cal channel to match settings of the selected channels. If all of the selected channels are set to identical hardware settings, it may be better to apply these settings to the cal channel. For example, if your channels all use a 5 or 10 dB attenuator step at port 1, you might elect to change the Cal All channel to use the same low attenuator settings.  This will result in the cal measurements being made under the same path conditions as the channel and it will eliminate the need to mathematically compensate for the difference.  However, if large attenuator values are used, the default Cal All settings will likely improve your results.

S-Parameter Cal Port Power

Set the power level at which the S-Parameter cal is performed.

Power Offsets

Power Offsets are channel-scoped. Consequently, offsets that you already set are NOT automatically copied to the Cal All session.  This setting allows you to also apply a Power Offset during the Cal All session. Learn about Power Offsets.

Noise Reduction

This button accesses the following dialog for settings that help reduce trace noise and the noise floor which can lead to better dynamic range and more accurate measurements. Learn more.

IF Bandwidth

Set the IFBW used to perform the Cal All calibration. The default IFBW setting of 1 kHz is a good nominal setting for most measurements. Lowering the IFBW removes noise from the calibration measurement, but also causes slower sweeps.

Always ON

Check to enable averaging.

Average Factor

Specifies the number of measurements that are averaged. Range of 1 to 65536 (2^16).

Average Type

Sweep  Each data point is based on the average of the same data point measured over consecutive sweeps. Learn more.

(Sweep) Restart   Begins a new set of measurements that are used for the average. Applies only to Sweep averaging - NOT Point.

Point   Each data point is measured the number of times specified by the Average Factor, and then averaged, before going to the next data point. Learn more.

Reduce IF BW at Low Frequencies

When this box is checked, the PNA uses a smaller IF Bandwidth than the selected value. Learn more.

Mechanical Devices

This button accesses a dialog that shows the settings for all active channels. These settings are shown side-by-side for easy comparison. Learn more.

Select DUT Connectors and Cal Kits dialog box help

For each DUT port:

• Select the connector at the calibration reference plane (where the cal standards will be connected).

• Select the cal kit to be used.

Check Modify Cal to change the Thru method. An Unknown Thru cal is performed by default. Learn about THRU methods.

Learn more about this dialog.

Power Cal Settings dialog box help

A guided power cal is performed on the source ports for the Cal All calibration.

This dialog is displayed for each source port to receive a power cal.

To perform an LO power cal for a mixer channel, set the LO port to a PNA or external source in the Mixer Setup dialog. Then select that port in the Selected Channels dialog.

• To use the same power sensor for all power cals, do NOT check Use Multiple Sensors.

• To use different power sensors, check Use Multiple Sensors. The sensor must be configured as a PMAR device. Learn how.

Learn about this dialog box.

Cal All Summary  dialog box help

This page is a summary of the Cal All settings. Confirm the settings, then click Next > or < Back to change settings.

Cal Steps  dialog box help

Follow the prompts to connect each standard. Then click Measure.

Click Re-measure if necessary.

Then click Next >

Finish Cal  dialog box help

Click Finish to save the Cal All session results to Cal Registers.

Or click Save As User CalSet, then enter a prefix title. The Meas Class and channel number are appended to this prefix to save to a User Cal Set for each calibrated channel.

Learn more about this dialog.